Everything about Religious Segregation totally explained
Religious segregation involves the separation of people on the basis of
religion.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
From
education to sports, from
municipalities to
cantons and entities, from
language policy to regional
flags and
coat of arms, the strict and sometimes unpeaceful separation between
Muslim Bosniaks,
Orthodox Serbs and
Roman Catholic Croats is present in most of BiH’s territory.
Jonathan Steele of
The Guardian has argued that
Bosnia and Herzegovina is "a dependent, stifled, apartheid regime". In his view, the
U.N. control of Bosnia under the
High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, which he described as "UN-sanctioned liberal imperialism", creates "dependency, stifles civil society, and produces a highly visible financial apartheid in which an international salariat lords it over a war-wounded and jobless local population."
India
Indian society is divided into several thousands of
caste and sub-caste. In the
Indian caste system, a
Dalit, often called an
untouchable, or an
outcaste, is a person who according to traditional Hindu belief doesn't have any "
varnas". In the context of traditional Hindu society, Dalit status has often been historically associated with occupations regarded as ritually impure, such as any occupation involving killing, handling of animal cadavers or
night soil (human feces). As a result, Dalits were commonly banned and segregated from full participation in Hindu social life (they couldn't enter the premises of a temple), while elaborate precautions were observed to prevent incidental contact between Dalits and other Hindus..
Although generally identified with
Hinduism, the caste system was also observed among followers of other religions in the Indian subcontinent, including some groups of
Muslims and
Christians. The
Indian Constitution has outlawed caste-based discrimination, in keeping with the
socialist,
secular,
democratic principles that founded the nation.. Caste barriers have mostly broken down in large cities, though persist in rural areas of the country. The caste system, in various forms, does continue to play a major role in the Indian society and politics.With the prominence of
Hindu reform movements in the 19th century, as well as the rising political power of Dalits in Independent
India,
Constitutional Laws have been passed banning the practice of segregation of Dalits, and
affirmative action has been implemented to equalize the historical imbalance and underrepresentation of Dalits in society.
Northern Ireland
Many
Irish nationalists and
republicans have described
Northern Ireland as being a
gerrymandered or even
apartheid state, on the grounds that it was created to ensure a built-in
Protestant majority, resulting in discrimination against
Catholics in government,
education, housing and employment. One legacy of this has been that most state schools in Northern Ireland are predominantly Protestant while the majority of Catholic children attend schools maintained by the Catholic Church, although there are now also a number of integrated schools. This has often exacerbated religious, political and cultural differences between the two communities.
Between
1921 and
1972, Northern Ireland was governed by the
Parliament of Northern Ireland, which was Protestant-dominated, while at local government level, electoral boundaries were devised to create Protestant majorities. The outbreak of the
Troubles led to the imposition of direct rule by the
British government, which has since sought to introduce power sharing between
unionists and nationalists.
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